22 research outputs found
Blockchain Based Open Network in Technology Intermediation
Blockchain technology is developing using in reliable applications which can
be designed to achieve decentralization and trustless. Based on the open
network innovation theory, this paper proposes a technical intermediary
management idea based on blockchain technology to improve the efficiency of
technology intermediaries, providing accurate, reliable information and cutting
cost for the market. This study demonstrates the advantage of blockchain to
technology intermediaries. First, on a specific level, it can provide openness,
transparency, decentralization and anonymity services. Second, the current
industrial innovation elements are analyzed. blockchain improve the efficiency
of technology intermediary, prevent risks and to make up for the shortcomings
of traditional intermediaries. It has revolutionized the traditional technology
intermediary. As this happens, it can revolutionize traditional technology
intermediaries.Comment: 7 pages,2 figures,2019 IEEE International Symposium on Innovation and
Entrepreneurship (TEMS-ISIE
An overview of research on human-centered design in the development of artificial general intelligence
Abstract: This article offers a comprehensive analysis of Artificial General
Intelligence (AGI) development through a humanistic lens. Utilizing a wide
array of academic and industry resources, it dissects the technological and
ethical complexities inherent in AGI's evolution. Specifically, the paper
underlines the societal and individual implications of AGI and argues for its
alignment with human values and interests.
Purpose: The study aims to explore the role of human-centered design in AGI's
development and governance.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Employing content analysis and literature
review, the research evaluates major themes and concepts in human-centered
design within AGI development. It also scrutinizes relevant academic studies,
theories, and best practices.
Findings: Human-centered design is imperative for ethical and sustainable
AGI, emphasizing human dignity, privacy, and autonomy. Incorporating values
like empathy, ethics, and social responsibility can significantly influence
AGI's ethical deployment. Talent development is also critical, warranting
interdisciplinary initiatives.
Research Limitations/Implications: There is a need for additional empirical
studies focusing on ethics, social responsibility, and talent cultivation
within AGI development.
Practical Implications: Implementing human-centered values in AGI development
enables ethical and sustainable utilization, thus promoting human dignity,
privacy, and autonomy. Moreover, a concerted effort across industry, academia,
and research sectors can secure a robust talent pool, essential for AGI's
stable advancement.
Originality/Value: This paper contributes original research to the field by
highlighting the necessity of a human-centered approach in AGI development, and
discusses its practical ramifications.Comment: 20 page
Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals Significant Bacterial Diversity of Botrytized Wine
While wine fermentation has long been known to involve complex microbial communities, the composition and role of bacteria other than a select set of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has often been assumed either negligible or detrimental. This study served as a pilot study for using barcoded amplicon next-generation sequencing to profile bacterial community structure in wines and grape musts, comparing the taxonomic depth achieved by sequencing two different domains of prokaryotic 16S rDNA (V4 and V5). This study was designed to serve two goals: 1) to empirically determine the most taxonomically informative 16S rDNA target region for barcoded amplicon sequencing of wine, comparing V4 and V5 domains of bacterial 16S rDNA to terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) of LAB communities; and 2) to explore the bacterial communities of wine fermentation to better understand the biodiversity of wine at a depth previously unattainable using other techniques. Analysis of amplicons from the V4 and V5 provided similar views of the bacterial communities of botrytized wine fermentations, revealing a broad diversity of low-abundance taxa not traditionally associated with wine, as well as atypical LAB communities initially detected by TRFLP. The V4 domain was determined as the more suitable read for wine ecology studies, as it provided greater taxonomic depth for profiling LAB communities. In addition, targeted enrichment was used to isolate two species of Alphaproteobacteria from a finished fermentation. Significant differences in diversity between inoculated and uninoculated samples suggest that Saccharomyces inoculation exerts selective pressure on bacterial diversity in these fermentations, most notably suppressing abundance of acetic acid bacteria. These results determine the bacterial diversity of botrytized wines to be far higher than previously realized, providing further insight into the fermentation dynamics of these wines, and demonstrate the utility of next-generation sequencing for wine ecology studies
Improved functionalization of oleic acid-coated iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
can providemultiple benefits for biomedical applications
in aqueous environments such asmagnetic separation or
magnetic resonance imaging. To increase the colloidal
stability and allow subsequent reactions, the introduction
of hydrophilic functional groups onto the particlesâ
surface is essential. During this process, the original
coating is exchanged by preferably covalently bonded
ligands such as trialkoxysilanes. The duration of the
silane exchange reaction, which commonly takes more
than 24 h, is an important drawback for this approach. In
this paper, we present a novel method, which introduces
ultrasonication as an energy source to dramatically
accelerate this process, resulting in high-quality waterdispersible nanoparticles around 10 nmin size. To prove
the generic character, different functional groups were
introduced on the surface including polyethylene glycol
chains, carboxylic acid, amine, and thiol groups. Their
colloidal stability in various aqueous buffer solutions as
well as human plasma and serum was investigated to
allow implementation in biomedical and sensing
applications.status: publishe
Identification and Validation of Novel Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Staging Early Alzheimer's Disease
Ideally, disease modifying therapies for Alzheimer disease (AD) will be applied during the 'preclinical' stage (pathology present with cognition intact) before severe neuronal damage occurs, or upon recognizing very mild cognitive impairment. Developing and judiciously administering such therapies will require biomarker panels to identify early AD pathology, classify disease stage, monitor pathological progression, and predict cognitive decline. To discover such biomarkers, we measured AD-associated changes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome.CSF samples from individuals with mild AD (Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR] 1) (nâ=â24) and cognitively normal controls (CDR 0) (nâ=â24) were subjected to two-dimensional difference-in-gel electrophoresis. Within 119 differentially-abundant gel features, mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identified 47 proteins. For validation, eleven proteins were re-evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Six of these assays (NrCAM, YKL-40, chromogranin A, carnosinase I, transthyretin, cystatin C) distinguished CDR 1 and CDR 0 groups and were subsequently applied (with tau, p-tau181 and AÎČ42 ELISAs) to a larger independent cohort (nâ=â292) that included individuals with very mild dementia (CDR 0.5). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses using stepwise logistic regression yielded optimal biomarker combinations to distinguish CDR 0 from CDR>0 (tau, YKL-40, NrCAM) and CDR 1 from CDR<1 (tau, chromogranin A, carnosinase I) with areas under the curve of 0.90 (0.85-0.94 95% confidence interval [CI]) and 0.88 (0.81-0.94 CI), respectively.Four novel CSF biomarkers for AD (NrCAM, YKL-40, chromogranin A, carnosinase I) can improve the diagnostic accuracy of AÎČ42 and tau. Together, these six markers describe six clinicopathological stages from cognitive normalcy to mild dementia, including stages defined by increased risk of cognitive decline. Such a panel might improve clinical trial efficiency by guiding subject enrollment and monitoring disease progression. Further studies will be required to validate this panel and evaluate its potential for distinguishing AD from other dementing conditions
A Cross-National Comparative Policy Analysis of the Blockchain Technology between the USA and China
Blockchain technology can achieve decentralization, multi-party verification, anti-tampering, anonymity, traceability of transactions and distributed ledger applications. Countries around the world continue to seek blockchain business models, technologies and applications and have different visions and policies for the development of blockchain. This study provides a comparative policy framework for the theoretical analysis of blockchain technology between the USA and China. Using the innovative policy tools proposed by Rothwell and Zegveld, these two countries are analyzed from the viewpoint of twelve policy tools. The results show that the USA and China both prefer to use âEnvironmental-sideâ policies. The USA has focused more on âLegal and regulatoryâ, âPublic servicesâ and âProcurementâ. China has the highest proportion of policies in âPolitical toolsâ, followed by âLegal and regulatoryâ, while âScientific and technicalâ, âEducationâ and âOverseas agentâ come in third. Blockchain technology has developed vigorously among industries and its applications have gradually diversified. The results can provide a reference for policy planning for various stakeholders
Performance Evaluation of Medical Device Manufacturers Using a Hybrid Fuzzy MCDM
28-31Fuzzy multi-criteria decision making (fuzzy MCDM) methods have developed rapidly and have evolved to accommodate various types of applications. This study aimed to explore a performance evaluation model based on a hybrid fuzzy MCDM approach for Taiwan's medical device manufacturers. The hybrid fuzzy MCDM approach was composed of the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (fuzzy AHP) method and the technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (fuzzy TOPSIS) method, to facilitate industrial practitioners on performance evaluation in a fuzzy environment. The proposed performance evaluation model can also enable government policy makers to better understand the complete evaluation process and provide a more effective decision support tool
Evaluation and Selection of Materials for Particulate Matter MEMS Sensors by Using Hybrid MCDM Methods
Air pollution poses serious problems as global industrialization continues to thrive. Since air pollution has grave impacts on human health, industry experts are starting to fathom how to integrate particulate matter (PM) sensors into portable devices; however, traditional micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) gas sensors are too large. To overcome this challenge, experts from industry and academia have recently begun to investigate replacing the traditional etching techniques used on MEMS with semiconductor-based manufacturing processes and materials, such as gallium nitride (GaN), gallium arsenide (GaAs), and silicon. However, studies showing how to systematically evaluate and select suitable materials are rare in the literature. Therefore, this study aims to propose an analytic framework based on multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) to evaluate and select the most suitable materials for fabricating PM sensors. An empirical study based on recent research was conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of our analytic framework. The results provide an invaluable future reference for research institutes and providers